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ABSTRACT

This study was carried out principally for the production of deodorant (Air refresher) from perfumery oil/ fragrance i.e. odor ferrous essential oil to match and conyzete with one produced from abroad.  Deodorant is a substance used in controlling odour and hides unpleasant smells. The method generally used in this work is first the extraction of the perfuming oil/ fragrance i.e. odorless essential oil from local plant materials and then mixing of the substances. After which it was allowed to stand for twenty-four hours and stirred for proper mixture. The product is much higher efficient than the individual oils. And it is cheaper to operate from this project. It is quite possible to harness our natural endowment that would compete prodigiously with one produced abroad. Hence our environment including homes, cars, hospital, toilets etc will be totally refreshed and the need to import deodorant will be avoided.  

                                 

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

1. Introduction                                                                            1

1.1     Aim/ objective                                                                2

1. Statement of problem                                                    3
2. Justification of the study                                                         3
3. Limitation of the study                                                  4

CHAPTER TWO                  

1. Literature Review                                                          5

2.1     Chemistry of air refresher                                              7

1. Compounds used as deodorants                                             12
2. Characteristics of an ideal air refresher                          13
3. Classification of perfumes used in air refresher             14
4. Causes of odour                                                             16
5. Principles guiding the most common and effective

odour control method                                                    17

1. How air refreshment / deodorizers works                      18
2. Factors that affect the activities

of air refreshers (deodorant).                                         20

1. Users of air refreshers                                                    21
2. Brief description of the materials used                                    21

CHAPTER THREE

1. Methodology                                                                 25

3.1     raw materials and equipment used                                25

1. Method of extraction                                                     26
2. Formulation                                                                            30

CHAPTER FOUR

1. Results and discussion                                                   32

4.1     result                                                                              32

1. Discussion                                                                     32
2. Observation                                                                             33

CHAPTER FIVE

1. Conclusion and recommendation                                   35

5.1     conclusions                                                                    35

1. Recommendation                                                           36

Reference                                                                       37

 

CHAPTER ONE

1. INTRODUCTION

The world deodorant is substance used in controlling odor and wide unpleasant smells especially those of the body and environment. It is related to the Latin word perfumery ( to fill with smoke). Since it was found in a mixture of finely grounded spices field together by myrrh.

          Deodorant was first developed by John Jayeo in 1817, which it was declared that resin soap could be dissolved to a clear solution in tarals or creosole to form a black deodorant fluid. Later on in 1987, damman a german scientist presented a method for preparing laysol a disintectant which follow in the category of deodorant containing a high proportion of phenols in soap solution which gave on dilution a clear solution in distilled water.

Deodorant is as result of heterogeneous mixture of different chemical substance, which retain a portion of the odorless principle, which can be blended by a vehicle, solvent and fixatives. But we have two kinds of deodorant which include body deodorant example perfume and environment deodorant, which is air refresher.

          In order to produce a deodorant, many factors have to be considered. They include;

1        concentration

1. Organic matter

 The deodorant has to be such that its concentration is such that it performs its specific function under the stated condition in the presence of organic matter.

1.1     AIM AND OBJECTIVE

This work is aimed at developing an economic and indigenous way of producing deodorant using local plant materials in the best interest of small-scale industries thereby conserving the foreign exchange earning. Also to provide an alternative source of raw materials for the production of deodorants. This will in very large measure aid in minimized the importation from abroad. Finally an attempt is made at formulation specific brands of deodorant from essential odorless oil using standard procedure.

 

1. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

This study centers on the production of deodorant (Air-refresher) from local plant materials.

In Nigeria over ninety percent of the deodorant in use are imported either as finished or semi-finished product. Even the very little produced locally are still based on synthetic raw materials which are also imported. This is rather unfortunate considering that numerous natural sources locally available from which the basic raw materials for the production of deodorant can be obtained.  Centers on the production of deodorant.

Due to the various use of deodorant in the country, the need arises for its production from local plant materials in order to reduce the cost of buying from abroad and subsequent importation into the country.

 

1. JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY.

This work is designed towards providing an alternative source of raw materials for the production of deodorants. This will in very large measure aid in minimizing if not stopping entirely the present importation syndrome which does not only constitute a sever

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